New study links higher sperm count to vitamin

Troubled with low sperm count, viability, motility or morphology? A recent study published in the Journal of Andrology from the American Society of Andrology cites FertilAid supplements for men may improve sperm dynamics for some men.

Recently, a 90 day blind study was conducted to determine if treatment with FertilAid improved sperm quality in men. Funded (only in part) by the makers of FertilAid for Men, 14 subjects who met the parameters of low sperm count, low percentage of motility or low percentage of normal morphology as well as those who had not taken any vitamins for at least one month were chosen to participate.

Initially, these subjects provided 2 baseline semen samples before being randomly selected to either receive the vitamin, FertilAid or be given a placebo for the following 90 days.

Under the World Health Organization guidelines, routine semen analysis was performed by the same lab at the on-set of the study and then again at the conclusion of the 90 day analysis.

After 90 days the randomly selected 8 recipients of the vitamin showed an improvement in sperm quality; specifically with the number of normally-shaped motile sperm produced; versus the 6 who consumed the placebo and showed no signs of improvement.

The conclusion is that in spite of the small size of the study, significant improvements were found in men taking FertilAid and that larger studies should be conducted to confirm the results seen within this study.

An expert in the field of optimizing reproductive health for couples trying to conceive, Cindy Ferda offers conception solutions to those experiencing fertility issues. She is the author of How to Get Pregnant Quickly & Naturally and CEO of GetPregnant.org

Should women take Prometrium to ward off miscarriage?

To sustain a healthy pregnancy, women must maintain healthy levels of progesterone at all times.

As a woman’s body prepares for ovulation, progesterone levels go up. The corpus luteum can stimulate the production of progesterone for about two weeks and if a conception occurs, the pregnancy itself takes over the stimulation of progesterone. With no pregnancy, the lining of the uterus deteriorates and a period begins.

If a newly pregnant woman’s progesterone level begins to diminish, then miscarriage would be imminent.

Many women who have experienced one or more miscarriages or are known to have a luteal phase defect (LPD) are being presented with a new option by their providers.

Prometrium, a synthetic form of progesterone that may help maintain a pregnancy and ward off miscarriage. Normally prescribed to menopausal women requiring hormone therapy and/or women experiencing abnormal periods, Prometrium can also be prescribed to women experiencing spotting or bleeding early in the first trimester or women with a history of recurrent miscarriage.

Available in tablet form a doctor will generally prescribe a 100-200mg dose to be taken orally once or twice a day. Suppositories and cream are available as well.

To determine the efficacy and safety of progestogens like Prometrium as a preventative therapy against miscarriage, a recent study (by Haas DM, Ramsey PS ‘Progestogen for preventing miscarriage’ Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 2) was conducted on 2118 women who participated in 15 trials. The study revealed no significant difference between progestogen and placebo or no treatment groups for a majority of the participants.

However, in a subgroup analysis of three trials involving women who had recurrent miscarriages (3 or more), treatment showed a statistically significant decrease in the miscarriage rate compared to placebo or no treatment.

Additionally, no significant adverse effects from taking Prometrium were reported regarding mother and child at this time, however many people feel there are not enough facts supporting its safety and warranting its overuse.

According to their own website, the most common adverse events reported in (postmenopausal) women receiving prometrium 200 mg were: breast tenderness, dizziness, abdominal bloating, vaginal discharge, chest pain, and diarrhea.

And most importantly, they actually warn not to use while pregnant. 

Further research indicated the long-term maternal and neonatal/fetal adverse effects of progestogen administration in early pregnancy also warrant further investigation.

Until then many non-supporters feel it is imperative Progestogen be removed from the treatment list for preventing miscarriage. Increasing awareness among policy-makers, health-care providers and patients about the fact that the practice is not based on evidence is a good start.

Determining the cause, symptoms and odds of miscarriage

For the latest pregnancy, health and conception tips visit Cindy Ferda’s National Examiner column here.

Miscarriage is the spontaneous loss of a pregnancy before the 20th week; usually occurring before the 12th week during the first trimester. The chances of miscarriage increase considerably as a woman ages. Some studies even suggest pregnancies from men older than 40 increases the odds of miscarriage as well. A miscarriage may occur because the embryo or fetus isn’t developing properly due to chromosomal abnormalities.

Signs and symptoms of miscarriage

Spotting or bleeding
Abdomen or lower back pain
Cramps
Vaginal fluid or tissue discharge
Fever (usually due to septic miscarriage)
Chills (usually due to septic miscarriage)
Body aches and pains (usually due to septic miscarriage)
Thick discharge with foul odor (usually due to septic miscarriage)

Causes of miscarriage

Miscarriage typically occurs due to embryonic abnormalities during the division and growth of the embryo during the first 12 weeks; not usually due to inherited issues from the parents. In some cases though, a mother with uncontrolled diabetes, uterine and cervix issues, thyroid disease, infections or hormonal problems may be at more of a risk of miscarriage.

Intrauterine Fetal Demise occurs when an embryo is present but there is no heartbeat and the embryo has died before there are any signs of miscarriage/pregnancy loss. This may be due to chromosomal and/or genetic abnormalities. This usually occurs during the first trimester.

Blighted Ovum is a very common cause of miscarriage, occurring when a fertilized egg develops a placenta and membrane but no embryo. This usually transpires during the first trimester.

Molar Pregnancy is more of a rarity and occurs in approximately 1 in 1000 pregnancies. Also known as Gestational Trophoblastic Disease, it is an abnormality of the placenta caused by an issue or problem at fertilization where the placenta develops into a fast-growing mass of cysts that may or may not contain an embryo.

Invasive prenatal testing such as CVS (chorionic villus sampling) and/or amniocentesis carry a slight risk of miscarriage. Smoking or consuming alcohol or drugs increases the risk of miscarriage greatly.

Determining miscarriage at the doctor’s office

During a pelvic exam, your doctor will check for cervical dilation. An ultrasound checks for the heartbeat and development of the embryo. Blood tests provide levels of the pregnancy hormone HCG and determination of placental tissue passing. If you have passed tissue and bring it in to your OB/GYN, it can be sent to the lab to confirm miscarriage.

Common medical miscarriage terms

Threatened Miscarriage occurs if you are spotting or bleeding but your cervix has not dilated. Some pregnancies remain viable even though they may be threatened initially.

Inevitable Miscarriage occurs when you are bleeding, your uterus is contracting and your cervix is dilated. Miscarriage is inevitable.

Incomplete Miscarriage occurs when some placental/fetal material passes but some remains in uterine.

Missed Miscarriage occurs when the placental/embryonic tissue remains but the embryo has died or not formed.

Complete Miscarriage is the most common of miscarriages. All pregnancy tissues have passed. Usually takes place within the first twelve weeks of pregnancy. The entire process may take up to four weeks if done naturally.

Septic Miscarriage is when an infection develops within the uterus. A severe infection, this must be handled by medical professionals immediately. Some signs include severe abdominal pain, fever, chills and vomiting.

Medical and surgical miscarriage treatment

After medically confirming pregnancy loss or the inevitable loss, there are medical treatments available that speed up the process and get one back on track quicker like oral medications or vaginal ointments to expel all remaining pregnancy tissue. Some side effects may include nausea, cramps and diarrhea. About 70% of women will bring miscarriage to a close within 24-48 hours.

A surgical procedure called suction dilation and curettage also known as D and C dilates your cervix and suctions the non-viable pregnancy tissues. Uterine walls may be gently scraped of unnecessary tissue as well. To stop the bleeding, a D and C procedure might be necessary for some women.

Recovery

After a miscarriage, whether natural or with medical assistance, recovery time varies. For some it may only be hours, for others a few days to weeks. Generally a period will return within 4-6 weeks. Women must watch for signs of infection throughout recovery and consult a doctor immediately if symptoms develop like fever, chills, severe pain and/or heavier than normal bleeding. Additionally, doctors advise no tampons, douching or sex for two weeks following a miscarriage.

Pregnancy after miscarriage

Most OB/GYN’s recommend waiting one menstrual cycle after a miscarriage to try and conceive again; however it is possible to become pregnant before the next cycle.

Doctors advise additional testing for women who have experienced two or more miscarriages to identify underlying problems and/or abnormalities. After addressing issues, more than 60% of women will go on to deliver healthy babies.

Get Pregnant. Where do you stand statistically?

Recent studies indicate a healthy woman under the age of 35 who has unprotected intercourse on average of twice a week for three months has a 57% chance of conceiving a baby.

Six months of exposure will bring results on average of 72% while one year of baby-making will bring the number to approximately 85% and two years of trying to conceive reaches near 93%. If you are over 35, simply divide the above numbers in half. These are still great numbers!

Let’s talk eggs!

Now, for a bit of information on the life-span of “the egg”–viable and non-viable.

Studies also show a female embryo in the womb of her mother at only 4-5 months has between 6-7 million eggs also called or referred to as “oocytes“, dropping down to 1-2 million by birth. Puberty brings this number down to 300,000 – 500,000.

The menstrual cycle claims several hundred more over the decades of normal periods and by the time a women reaches her mid to late 30′s some studies indicate the number drops to a mere 25,000 eggs remaining in her ovaries.

Once into her 40′s, another study suggests she may have approximately 1.5 % of her original supply remaining. Regardless of which study you choose to agree with, there are usually plenty left after age 35 to consider the odds favorable – possibly between 25,000 and 90,000. Beyond all of this, eggs are also lost through natural cell death, as well.

Throughout the life span of a woman’s eggs the number of genetically viable ones naturally decreases with age and the proper distribution of the genetic contents may be lost or uncertain. Of the genetically abnormal pregnancies, most go on to miscarry in the first or second trimester of pregnancy and of the women who are over 35, there is even a higher risk of miscarriage with normal and/or abnormal pregnancies and several studies suggest women over 40 have a 1 in 3 or 4 chance of miscarriage.

But do not dismay. Many women go on to eventually conceive and deliver healthy babies well into their 40′s.

Seek help. Find additional helpful information and explore adding prenatal supplements to your diet. Always speak to your physician.

There is a plethora of information and ideas, methods and suggestions you may want to ponder and consider utilizing…ovulation predictor kits, ovulation calendars, natural fertility boosters, fertility handbooks, healthy diets chocked-full of greens, pre-natal vitamins months in advance, basal thermometers, best suggested sexual positions to conceive, large quantities of water to keep the body well-hydrated, suggested exercise routines, books on healthy eating, homeopathic remedies, herbal teas, female infertility information, male infertility information, yoga and relaxation techniques, and all the “dos” the “don’ts” and the pitfalls and myths to take in stride all geared to help you get educated, do what is best for you and get pregnant.

And if need be, assisted reproductive technology (or ART) is available across the globe with outstanding results in many categories in this day and age. Much scientific and medical advancement are being developed and cultivated on a regular basis.